/* IJARHS public theme
   Palette: deep teal #0B3C43, night teal #072A30, amber #E8A723, mist #F4F7F6, rule #D5DFDD, ink #14272B */
:root {
  --deep: #0b3c43;
  --night: #072a30;
  --amber: #e8a723;
  --amber-dark: #b9801a;
  --mist: #f4f7f6;
  --rule: #d5dfdd;
  --ink: #14272b;
  --muted: #587076;
  --link: #0a6a72;
  --white: #fff;
  --radius: 6px;
  --serif: "Literata", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --sans: "Instrument Sans", system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Arial, sans-serif;
  --wrap: 1180px;
}
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }
body { margin: 0; font: 400 1rem/1.65 var(--sans); color: var(--ink); background: var(--mist); }
img { max-width: 100%; height: auto; }
a { color: var(--link); text-underline-offset: 3px; }
a:hover { color: var(--deep); }
:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--amber); outline-offset: 2px; border-radius: 3px; }
h1, h2, h3 { font-family: var(--serif); line-height: 1.22; margin: 0 0 .6em; color: var(--deep); }
h1 { font-size: clamp(1.9rem, 3.4vw, 2.6rem); font-weight: 700; }
h2 { font-size: 1.5rem; font-weight: 600; }
h3 { font-size: 1.15rem; font-weight: 600; }
p { margin: 0 0 1em; }
.wrap { width: min(100% - 2.5rem, var(--wrap)); margin-inline: auto; }
.sr { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0 0 0 0); white-space: nowrap; }
.skip { position: absolute; left: -999px; top: 0; background: var(--amber); color: #000; padding: .6rem 1rem; z-index: 100; }
.skip:focus { left: 0; }
.muted { color: var(--muted); }
.lead { font-size: 1.1rem; color: #2c4247; }
.empty { color: var(--muted); padding: 1.2rem 0; }

/* Buttons */
.btn { display: inline-block; font: 600 .95rem/1 var(--sans); padding: .85rem 1.25rem; border-radius: var(--radius); background: var(--deep); color: #fff; border: 2px solid var(--deep); text-decoration: none; cursor: pointer; transition: background .15s, color .15s, border-color .15s; }
.btn:hover { background: var(--night); color: #fff; border-color: var(--night); }
.btn.ghost { background: transparent; color: var(--deep); }
.btn.ghost:hover { background: var(--deep); color: #fff; }
.btn.amber { background: var(--amber); border-color: var(--amber); color: #1d1500; }
.btn.amber:hover { background: #f4b93a; border-color: #f4b93a; color: #1d1500; }
.btn.ghost-light { background: transparent; color: #fff; border-color: rgba(255,255,255,.55); }
.btn.ghost-light:hover { background: #fff; color: var(--night); border-color: #fff; }
.btn.block { display: block; text-align: center; }

/* Top bar and header */
.topbar { background: var(--night); color: #bcd0d3; font-size: .85rem; }
.topbar-in { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 1rem; min-height: 38px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.topbar a { color: #dbe8ea; text-decoration: none; }
.topbar a:hover { color: var(--amber); }
.topbar-contact, .topbar-links { display: flex; gap: 1.2rem; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.jswitch select { background: transparent; color: #fff; border: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.3); border-radius: 4px; padding: .15rem .4rem; font: inherit; }
.jswitch option { color: #000; }

.site-head { background: var(--white); border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); position: sticky; top: 0; z-index: 50; }
.head-in { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1.5rem; min-height: 76px; }
.brand { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .8rem; text-decoration: none; color: var(--deep); min-width: 0; }
.brand-mark { width: 46px; height: 46px; flex: none; display: grid; place-items: center; background: var(--deep); color: var(--amber); font: 700 1.15rem var(--serif); border-radius: 10px 10px 10px 2px; }
.brand-cover { width: 46px; height: 46px; object-fit: cover; border-radius: 6px; }
.brand-text { display: flex; flex-direction: column; line-height: 1.2; min-width: 0; }
.brand-text strong { font: 700 1.25rem var(--serif); }
.brand-text small { color: var(--muted); font-size: .72rem; max-width: 280px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }

.nav ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.nav > ul { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: .15rem; }
.nav a { display: block; padding: .6rem .8rem; color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; font-weight: 500; font-size: .95rem; border-radius: 4px; }
.nav a:hover, .nav a.on { color: var(--deep); background: #e6efed; }
.nav .has-sub { position: relative; }
.nav .has-sub > a::after { content: ""; display: inline-block; margin-left: .4rem; width: .4rem; height: .4rem; border-right: 2px solid currentColor; border-bottom: 2px solid currentColor; transform: rotate(45deg) translateY(-2px); }
.nav .sub { position: absolute; left: 0; top: 100%; min-width: 250px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--radius); box-shadow: 0 14px 30px -12px rgba(7,42,48,.35); padding: .4rem; opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; transform: translateY(6px); transition: opacity .15s, transform .15s, visibility .15s; }
.nav .has-sub:hover > .sub, .nav .has-sub:focus-within > .sub, .nav .has-sub.open > .sub { opacity: 1; visibility: visible; transform: none; }
.nav .sub a { padding: .5rem .7rem; font-weight: 400; }
.nav-cta { margin-left: .5rem; }
.nav-cta .btn { padding: .7rem 1rem; color: #fff; }
.nav-cta .btn:hover { background: var(--night); }
.menu-btn { display: none; background: none; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 6px; width: 44px; height: 44px; padding: 10px; cursor: pointer; }
.menu-btn span { display: block; height: 2px; background: var(--deep); margin: 5px 0; transition: transform .2s, opacity .2s; }
.menu-btn[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(1) { transform: translateY(7px) rotate(45deg); }
.menu-btn[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0; }
.menu-btn[aria-expanded="true"] span:nth-child(3) { transform: translateY(-7px) rotate(-45deg); }

/* Hero */
.hero { position: relative; background: var(--night); color: #eaf3f2; overflow: hidden; isolation: isolate; }
.hero canvas { position: absolute; inset: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; z-index: -1; }
.hero::after { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0; z-index: -1; background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(7,42,48,.92) 0%, rgba(7,42,48,.55) 55%, rgba(7,42,48,.2) 100%); pointer-events: none; }
.hero-in { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.55fr) minmax(280px, 1fr); gap: 3rem; align-items: center; padding-block: 5rem 4.5rem; }
.hero h1 { color: #fff; font-size: clamp(2.1rem, 4.4vw, 3.5rem); line-height: 1.12; margin-bottom: .5em; max-width: 18ch; }
.hero-tags { list-style: none; margin: 0 0 1.4rem; padding: 0; display: flex; gap: .5rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.hero-tags li { border: 1px solid rgba(232,167,35,.6); color: #f6d58c; border-radius: 99px; padding: .25rem .8rem; font-size: .85rem; }
.hero-lead { font-size: 1.1rem; max-width: 56ch; color: #cfe0e0; }
.hero-actions { display: flex; gap: .8rem; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 1.8rem 0 2rem; }
.hero-ids { display: flex; gap: 2rem; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 0; }
.hero-ids div { border-left: 2px solid var(--amber); padding-left: .8rem; }
.hero-ids dt { font-size: .8rem; color: #9fbcbf; }
.hero-ids dd { margin: 0; font: 600 1.1rem var(--serif); color: #fff; }
.hero-issue { background: rgba(255,255,255,.96); color: var(--ink); border-radius: 10px; padding: 1.6rem; box-shadow: 0 24px 50px -20px rgba(0,0,0,.6); border-top: 5px solid var(--amber); }
.hero-issue h2 { font-size: 1rem; color: var(--muted); font-family: var(--sans); font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: .4rem; }
.hi-title { font: 700 1.55rem var(--serif); color: var(--deep); margin: 0; }
.hi-sub { color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.hi-list { margin: 0 0 1.1rem; padding-left: 1.2rem; }
.hi-list li { margin-bottom: .5rem; line-height: 1.4; }
.hi-link { font-weight: 600; }
/* One orchestrated entrance: heading words rise in */
.split .w { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; vertical-align: top; }
.split .w > span { display: inline-block; transform: translateY(105%); animation: rise .7s cubic-bezier(.2,.7,.2,1) forwards; animation-delay: calc(var(--i) * 70ms + 120ms); }
@keyframes rise { to { transform: none; } }

/* Metrics */
.metrics { background: var(--deep); color: #fff; }
.metrics-in { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr); }
.metrics-in div { padding: 1.4rem 1rem; border-left: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.15); text-align: left; }
.metrics-in div:first-child { border-left: 0; }
.metrics b { display: block; font: 700 2rem/1.1 var(--serif); color: var(--amber); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.metrics span { font-size: .9rem; color: #bcd5d7; }

/* Sections */
.sec { padding-block: 3rem 1rem; }
.sec-head { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; gap: 1rem; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--deep); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.sec-head h2 { margin: 0 0 .3rem; }
.sec-title { margin-top: 2rem; padding-bottom: .4rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.cfp { padding-top: 2.5rem; }
.cfp-box { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 2rem; align-items: center; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-left: 6px solid var(--amber); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 1.8rem 2rem; }
.cfp-box h2 { margin-bottom: .3em; }
.cfp-box p { margin: 0; max-width: 62ch; }
.cfp-actions { display: flex; gap: .6rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }

.alist { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.art { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1.5rem; padding: 1.1rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.art h3 { margin: .15rem 0 .3rem; font-size: 1.12rem; }
.art h3 a { color: var(--deep); text-decoration: none; }
.art h3 a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
.art-type { font-size: .82rem; color: var(--amber-dark); font-weight: 600; }
.art-auth { color: var(--muted); margin: 0; font-size: .95rem; }
.art-side { display: flex; align-items: flex-start; gap: .8rem; flex: none; }
.pp { color: var(--muted); font-size: .9rem; padding-top: .3rem; }
.pdf { display: inline-block; background: var(--deep); color: #fff; text-decoration: none; font-weight: 600; font-size: .85rem; padding: .35rem .8rem; border-radius: 4px; }
.pdf:hover { background: var(--amber); color: #1d1500; }

.about-band { background: #fff; border-block: 1px solid var(--rule); margin-top: 3rem; }
.about-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr; gap: 3rem; padding-block: 3rem; align-items: start; }
.facts { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; background: var(--mist); border-radius: var(--radius); overflow: hidden; }
.facts th, .facts td { text-align: left; padding: .7rem 1rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); font-size: .95rem; vertical-align: top; }
.facts th { width: 40%; color: var(--muted); font-weight: 500; }
.facts td { font-weight: 600; }
.two { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 3rem; }
.tick { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.tick li { position: relative; padding: .45rem 0 .45rem 1.8rem; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.tick li::before { content: ""; position: absolute; left: .2rem; top: 1rem; width: .7rem; height: .4rem; border-left: 2px solid var(--amber-dark); border-bottom: 2px solid var(--amber-dark); transform: rotate(-45deg); }
.news { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr); gap: 1.5rem; }
.news article { background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 1.3rem; }
.news time, .post time { color: var(--muted); font-size: .85rem; }
.news h3 { margin: .3rem 0 .5rem; }
.news h3 a, .post h2 a { text-decoration: none; color: var(--deep); }
.news p { margin: 0; color: #3b5358; font-size: .95rem; }
.partners { margin-top: 3.5rem; background: #fff; border-top: 1px solid var(--rule); padding-block: 2.5rem; }
.partners h2 { text-align: center; font-size: 1.2rem; }
.partners ul { list-style: none; margin: 1.2rem 0 0; padding: 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .8rem; justify-content: center; }
.partners li a, .partners li > span { display: grid; place-items: center; min-width: 150px; height: 64px; padding: 0 1.2rem; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--radius); background: var(--mist); font: 600 .95rem var(--serif); color: var(--deep); text-decoration: none; }
.partners li a:hover { border-color: var(--amber); }
.partners img { max-height: 44px; width: auto; }

/* Inner pages */
.page { padding-block: 2.5rem 3rem; }
.narrow { max-width: 820px; }
.crumbs { font-size: .9rem; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.prose { font-size: 1.05rem; }
.prose h2, .prose h3 { margin-top: 1.6em; }
.prose ul, .prose ol { padding-left: 1.4rem; }
.prose li { margin-bottom: .4rem; }
.prose table { border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; }
.prose th, .prose td { border: 1px solid var(--rule); padding: .5rem .7rem; text-align: left; }
.issue-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(240px, 1fr)); gap: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; }
.issue-card { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: .2rem; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-top: 4px solid var(--deep); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 1.1rem 1.2rem; text-decoration: none; color: var(--ink); transition: border-color .15s, transform .15s; }
.issue-card:hover { border-top-color: var(--amber); transform: translateY(-2px); }
.issue-card strong { font: 600 1.1rem var(--serif); color: var(--deep); }
.issue-card small { color: var(--muted); }
.post { padding: 1.4rem 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
.post h2 { margin: .2rem 0 .4rem; }

.article-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 300px; gap: 3rem; align-items: start; }
.article-page h1 { font-size: clamp(1.6rem, 3vw, 2.2rem); margin-top: .3rem; }
.byline { font-size: 1.1rem; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: .3rem; }
.doi { margin: .8rem 0 1.4rem; }
.abstract { font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.05rem; line-height: 1.75; max-width: 70ch; }
.article-page h2 { font-size: 1.15rem; margin-top: 1.8rem; }
.kw a { display: inline-block; background: #e3eeec; color: var(--deep); padding: .2rem .7rem; border-radius: 99px; margin: 0 .4rem .4rem 0; text-decoration: none; font-size: .9rem; }
.kw a:hover { background: var(--amber); color: #1d1500; }
.cite { background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 1rem 1.2rem; }
.cite p { margin-bottom: .8rem; font-size: .95rem; }
.article-side { position: sticky; top: 100px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 1.2rem; }
.meta { margin: 1.2rem 0 0; }
.meta dt { font-size: .82rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: .8rem; }
.meta dd { margin: 0; font-weight: 500; }

.people { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(300px, 1fr)); gap: 1rem; margin-top: 1rem; }
.person { display: flex; gap: 1rem; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 1rem; align-items: center; }
.person img, .avatar { width: 64px; height: 64px; border-radius: 50%; object-fit: cover; flex: none; }
.avatar { display: grid; place-items: center; background: var(--deep); color: var(--amber); font: 700 1.4rem var(--serif); }
.person strong { display: block; color: var(--deep); }
.person span { display: block; color: var(--muted); font-size: .9rem; line-height: 1.4; }

/* Forms */
.card { background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 1.5rem; }
.form label { display: block; font-weight: 600; font-size: .92rem; margin-bottom: 1rem; }
.form input:not([type=checkbox]):not([type=file]), .form textarea, .form select, .searchbar input { display: block; width: 100%; margin-top: .35rem; font: 400 1rem var(--sans); padding: .7rem .8rem; border: 1px solid #b9c9c7; border-radius: var(--radius); background: #fff; color: var(--ink); }
.form input:focus, .form textarea:focus, .searchbar input:focus { border-color: var(--deep); outline: 3px solid rgba(232,167,35,.5); }
.form input[type=file] { margin-top: .4rem; display: block; font-weight: 400; }
.form small { display: block; font-weight: 400; color: var(--muted); margin-top: .3rem; }
.form .check { display: flex; gap: .6rem; align-items: flex-start; font-weight: 500; }
.form .check input { margin-top: .3rem; }
.grid2 { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 0 1.2rem; }
.hp { position: absolute; left: -9999px; }
.note { border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 1rem 1.2rem; margin: 1rem 0; border: 1px solid; }
.note.ok { background: #e9f6ee; border-color: #9bd1ae; color: #14472a; }
.note.err { background: #fdecec; border-color: #e5a1a1; color: #7a1c1c; }
.note ul { margin: 0; padding-left: 1.2rem; }
.note h2 { font-size: 1.2rem; }
.code { font: 700 1.2rem ui-monospace, Menlo, Consolas, monospace; background: #fff; padding: .15rem .6rem; border-radius: 4px; letter-spacing: .08em; }
.searchbar { display: flex; gap: .6rem; margin: 1rem 0 1.4rem; }
.searchbar input { margin: 0; flex: 1; }
.pager { display: flex; gap: .4rem; margin-top: 1.5rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.pager a { padding: .4rem .8rem; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: 4px; text-decoration: none; background: #fff; }
.pager a.on { background: var(--deep); color: #fff; border-color: var(--deep); }
.contact-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr; gap: 3rem; align-items: start; }
.contact-info { background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--rule); border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 1.5rem; }
.contact-info h2 { font-size: 1.2rem; }

/* Footer */
.site-foot { background: var(--night); color: #bcd0d3; margin-top: 0; }
.foot-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr 1fr 1.2fr; gap: 2.5rem; padding-block: 3rem 2rem; }
.site-foot h2 { color: #fff; font-size: 1.05rem; font-family: var(--sans); font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: .8rem; }
.site-foot ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.site-foot li { margin-bottom: .45rem; }
.site-foot a { color: #dbe8ea; text-decoration: none; }
.site-foot a:hover { color: var(--amber); text-decoration: underline; }
.site-foot .issn { font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.site-foot .small { font-size: .85rem; }
.foot-base { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between; gap: 1rem; padding-block: 1.2rem 1.6rem; border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.14); font-size: .9rem; }
.toast { position: fixed; left: 50%; bottom: 1.5rem; transform: translate(-50%, 140%); background: var(--deep); color: #fff; padding: .7rem 1.2rem; border-radius: 99px; box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0,0,0,.3); transition: transform .25s; z-index: 200; }
.toast.show { transform: translate(-50%, 0); }

@media (max-width: 980px) {
  .hero-in, .about-grid, .two, .contact-grid, .article-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 2rem; }
  .article-side { position: static; }
  .news { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .foot-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .metrics-in { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; }
  .metrics-in div:nth-child(3) { border-left: 0; }
  .cfp-box { flex-direction: column; align-items: flex-start; }
  .menu-btn { display: block; }
  .nav { position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; top: 100%; background: #fff; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); max-height: 0; overflow: hidden; transition: max-height .3s ease; }
  .nav.open { max-height: 85vh; overflow-y: auto; }
  .nav > ul { flex-direction: column; align-items: stretch; padding: .6rem 1.25rem 1.2rem; gap: 0; }
  .nav .sub { position: static; opacity: 1; visibility: visible; transform: none; box-shadow: none; border: 0; padding: 0 0 0 1rem; display: none; }
  .nav .has-sub.open > .sub { display: block; }
  .nav-cta { margin: .6rem 0 0; }
  .brand-text small { max-width: 200px; }
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .grid2 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .foot-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .art { flex-direction: column; gap: .6rem; }
  .hero-in { padding-block: 3rem; }
  .searchbar { flex-direction: column; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  .split .w > span { animation: none; transform: none; }
  * { transition-duration: .01ms !important; }
}
@media print {
  .topbar, .site-head, .site-foot, .hero canvas, .toast { display: none; }
}